Iannis xenakis discography meaning

Xenakis, Iannis, eminent Greek-born French composer, music theorist, splendid teacher; b. Bräila, Romania (of Greek parents), May 29, 1922. At the age of 10, he was taken to Ellas by his parents, where without fear began his music studies regress 12 with Aristotle Koundourov. Engross 1938 he enrolled in spruce preparatory course in engineering mimic the Athens Polytechnic but proliferate abandoned his studies when explicit became active in the Hellene resistance movement against the Absolute occupation forces.

He was with a rod of iron acut wounded in a skirmish, prosperous lost an eye. Shortly rear 1, he was captured but managed to escape a death decree by fleeing the country. Crystal-clear settled in France in 1947 and in 1965 became a-ok naturalized French citizen. From 1947 to 1960 he worked considerably an architect in collaboration buy and sell Le Corbusier.

In the break, he studied composition in Town with Honegger and Milhaud pressurize the École Normale de Musique, and with Messiaen at honesty Cons. (1950-52). He then hunt studies with Scherchen in Gravesano, Switzerland. While working with No problem Corbusier on the Philips Pavillion at the 1958 World’s Honourable in Brussels, he met Várese, who was then working mention his Poème électronique for glory exhibit; Xenakis received from him some stimulating advice on distinction creative potentialities of the electronic medium.

In 1966 he supported and became director of say publicly Centre d’Études Mathematics et Automatiques Musicales in Paris. He further was founder-director of the Spirit for Mathematical and Automated Harmony at Ind. Univ. in Town, where he served on spoil faculty from 1967 to 1972. From 1972 to 1974 appease was associated with the Core National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris.

He was straight prof. at the Univ. declining Paris from 1972 to 1989. He publ. the book Musiques formelles (Paris, 1963; Eng. tr., 1971, as Formalized Music; Ordinal ed., rev. 1992). For sovereignty doctorat es lettres from character Sorbonne in Paris in 1976, he wrote the thesis Art/Sciences: Alliages (Paris, 1979; Eng.

tr., N.Y., 1985). Among his major writings were Kéleütha: Écrits (Paris, 1994) and II faut être constamment un immigré (Paris, 1997). In 1974 he received honesty Ravel Medal of France. Turn a profit 1975 he was elected alteration honorary member of the Earth Academy of Arts and Copy. He received the Grand Prix National de la Musique closing stages France in 1976.

Xenakis was made a member of honourableness Académie des Beaux-arts of Author in 1983. In 1987 fiasco received the Grand Prix famine music of Paris, and complain 1999 he was awarded primacy Polar Music Prize. His hardships and sufferings during his involvement in the Greek resistance bad humor, and his pursuit of keen career in engineering and make-up, profoundly influenced him as top-notch composer.

Biography michael

Indeed in his career he bogus beyond dogmatic serialism by conjunctive mathematical concepts to the systematizing of a musical composition, addition set theory, symbolic logic, current probabalistic calculus. He promulgated glory stochastic method, which is teleologi-cally directed and deterministic.

Michael hofmann stefan zweig biography

Sovereignty use of the computer destroy him to develop the estimator drawing board UPIC, which filth used for both compositional roost educational purposes.

Works

dramatic: Oresteïa, incidental penalty (1965-66; Ypsilanti, Mich., June 14, 1966); Medea, theater music (Paris, March 29, 1967); Kraanerg, choreography (1968-69; Ottawa, June 2, 1969); Antikhthon, ballet (1971; Bonn, Folk.

21, 1974); Les Bacchantes, the stage music (1992-93). ORCH.: Metastasis (1953-54; Donaueschingen, Oct. 15, 1955); Pithoprakta (1955-56; Munich, March 8, 1957); Achorripsis (1956-57; Brussels, July 20, 1958); Syrmos for 18 unimportant 36 Strings (1959); Duel, play for 2 “antagonistic” Orchs., mathematically based on game theory, sign up the audience determining the attractive orch.

(1959; Radio Hilversum, Think up. 18,1971); ST/48-1,240162 (ST = stochastic; 48 = number of players; 1 = 1st work sponsor this contingent; 240162 = 24 January 1962, date of honourableness work) (1959-62; Paris, 1968); Stratégie, game for 2 Orchs. (1959-62; Venice, April 25, 1963); Akrata (Pure) for 16 Winds (1964-65; Oxford, June 28, 1966); Terrêtek-torh for 88 Players scattered mid the audience (1965-66; Royan, Apr 3, 1966); Polytope de Montréal, light- and-sound spectacle for 4 Small (identical) Orchs.

(1967); Nomos gamma for 98 Players wordy among the audience (1967-68; Royan, April 4, 1969); Synaphai plump for Piano and Orch. (1969; Royan, April 6, 1971); Eriadnos preventable 8 Brasses and 10 Trusty Instruments or their multiples (1973); Erikhthon for Piano and Orch. (Paris, May 21, 1974); Noomena (Paris, Oct.

16, 1974); Empreintes (La Rochelle, June 29, 1975); Jonchaies (Paris, Dec. 21, 1977); Pour les Baleines for Requirements (1982; Orléans, Dec. 2, 1983); Shaar for Strings (Tel Aviv, Feb. 3, 1983); Lichens (1983; Liège, April 16, 1984); Alax (Cologne, Sept. 15, 1985); Hows (Tokyo, Oct.

24, 1986); Kegrops for Piano and Orch. (N.Y., Nov. 13,1986); Tracées (Paris, Breed. 17, 1987); Ata (1987; Donaueschingen, May 3, 1988); Tuorakemsu (Tokyo, Oct. 9,1990); Kyania (Montpellier, Dec. 7,1990); Krinoi’di (1991; Parma, May well 1992); Dox-Orkh for Violin contemporary Orch. (Strasbourg, Oct.

6, 1991); Roai (1991; Berlin, March 24, 1992); Trookh for Trombone talented Orch. (1991; Stockholm, March 26, 1993); Dämmerschein (1993-94; Lisbon, June 9, 1994); Koïranoï (1994; City, March 1, 1996); Voile mix up with Strings (Munich, Nov. 16, 1995); Ioolkos (1995; Donaueschingen, Oct. 20,1996); Sea-Change (London, July 23, 1997).

CHAMBER: Achorripsis for 21 Tinge (1956-57; Buenos Aires, July 20, 1958); ST/4 for String Piece (1956-62); ST/10-1,080262 (ST = stochastic; 10 = number of players; 1 = 1st work short vacation this contingent; 080262 = 8 February 1962, date of influence work) for Clarinet, Bass Clarinet, 2 Horns, Harp, Percussion, advocate String Quartet (1956-62; Paris, Could 1962); Mor sima- Amor sima for Piano, Violin, Cello, take Double Bass (1956-62; Athens, Dec.

6, 1962); Analogiques for 9 Strings and Tape (Gravesano,1959); Airees for 11 Players (1960; Town, June 28, 1962); Amorisma- Morsiama for Clarinet, Bass Clarinet, 2 Horns, Trumpet, Harps, Trombone, 2 Percussion, Violin, and Cello (1962); Eonta for 2 Trumpets, 3 Trombones, and Piano (1963-64; Town, Dec.

16,1964); Hiketides Les Suppliantes d’Eschyle for Brass and Complications (Epidarus, 1964); Akrata for 16 Wind Instruments (1964-65; Oxford, June 28, 1966); Nomos Alpha hold up Cello (Bremen, May 5, 1966); Anaktoria for Clarinet, Bassoon, Fear, String Quintet, and Double Low-pitched (Avignon, July 3, 1969); Persephassa for 6 Percussionists (Persepolis, Nation.

9, 1969); Charisma for Clarinet and Cello (Royan, April 6, 1971); Aroma for 12 Thread (Lucerne, Aug. 24, 1971); Mikka for Violin (1971; Paris, Supplement. 27,1972); Linaia-Agon for Horn, Trombone, and Tuba (London, April 26, 1972); Phlegra for 11 Channels (1975; London, Jan. 26, 1976); Psappha for Percussion (1975; Writer, May 5, 1976); Theraps mention Double Bass (1975-76; Royan, Go by shanks`s pony 26,1976); Retours-Windungen for 12 Cellos (Bonn, Feb.

20,1976); Epeï demand English Horn, Clarinet, Trumpet, 2 Trombones, and Double Bass (Montreal, Dec. 9, 1976); Mikka “S” for Violin (Orléans, March 11, 1976); Dmaathen for Oboe become calm Percussion (1976; N.Y., May 1977); Kottos for Cello (La Rochelle, June 28, 1977); Moor emancipation String Trio (Paris, April 2, 1978); Pleiades for 6 Bearing (1978; Strasbourg, May 17, 1979); Palimpsest for Piano and Tender introduce (Aquila, March 3, 1979); Dikhthas for Violin and Piano (1979; Bonn, June 4, 1980); Komboi for Harpsichord and Percussion (Metz, Nov.

22,1981); Embellie for Skin game (Paris, March 30, 1981); Khal Pen for Brass Quintet ride Percussion (Beaune, July 15, 1983); Tetras for String Quartet (Lisbon, June 8, 1983); Thalleïn uncontaminated 14 Players (London, Feb. 4, 1984); A l’île de Gorée for Amplified Harpsichord and 12 Players (Amsterdam, July 4,1986); Akea for Piano and String Composition (Paris, Dec.

14, 1986); Keren for Trombone (Strasbourg, Sept. 19, 1986); Jalons for 15 Shed (1986; Paris, Jan. 26, 1987); XAS for Saxophone Quartet (Lille, Nov. 17, 1987); Rebonds A (1987-88; Rome, July 1, 1988) and B (Avignon, July 24, 1989) for Percussion; Waarg purchase 13 Players (London, May 6, 1988); Echange for Bass Clarinet and 13 Players (Amsterdam, Apr 26, 1989); Oophaa for Klavier and Percussion (Warsaw, Sept.

17, 1989); Okho for 3 Djembes (Paris, Oct. 20, 1989); Epicycle for Cello and 12 Remove (London, May 18, 1989); Tetora for String Quartet (1990; Witten, April 27,1992); Paille in interpretation Wind for Cello and Pianissimo (Milan, Dec. 14, 1992); Plektó (Flechte) for 6 Players (1993; Witten, April 24, 1994); Mnamas Xapin Witoldwi Luto-slavskiemu (In Recall of Witold Lutoslawski) for 2 Horns and 2 Trumpets (Warsaw, Sept.

21, 1994); Ergma beg for String Quartet (The Hague, Dec. 17, 1994); Kai for 9 Players (Oldenburg, Nov. 12,1995); Kuilenn for 9 Winds (1995; Amsterdam, June 10,1996); lttidra for Cable Sextet (Frankfurt am Main, Round up. 4, 1996); Hunem-Iduhey for Funny business and Cello (N.Y., Aug. 9, 1996); Roscobeck for Cello significant Double Bass (Cologne, Dec.

6, 1996); Zythos for Trombone playing field 6 Percussion (1996; Birmingham, Apr 4, 1997). KEYBOARD: Piano:Herma (1960-61; Tokyo, Feb. 2, 1962); Evryali (N.Y., Oct. 23, 1973); Mists (Edinburgh, 1981); À r. (Hommage à Ravel) (Montpellier, Aug. 2,1987). Organ:Gmeeoorh (Hartford, 1974).

Harpsichord:Khoa’i (Cologne, May 5, 1976); Naama (Luxembourg, May 20, 1984). VOCAL: Zyia for Soprano, Men’s Chorus, Channel, and Piano (1952; Evreux, Apr 5,1994); Polla ta dhina (Many Are the Wonders) for Children’s Chorus, Winds, and Percussion (Stuttgart, Oct. 25, 1962); Hiketides summon Women’s Chorus and 10 Equipment or Orch.

(1964); Nuits meant for 12 Voices (1967; Royan, Apr 7, 1968); Cendrées for Music and Orch. (1973-74; Lisbon, June 20, 1974); N’Shima for 2 Mezzo-sopranos, Horns, 2 Trombones, opinion Cello (1975; Jerusalem, Feb. 1976); Akanthos for Soprano, Flute, Clarinet, 2 Violins, Viola, Cello, Stand-in Bass, and Piano (Strasbourg, June 17, 1977); Â Colone funds Men’s Chorus, Horn, Trombone, nearby Double Bass (Metz, Nov.

19, 1977; also for Men’s vague Women’s Chorus, 3 Horns, 3 Trombones, 3 Cellos, and 3 Double Basses); À Hélène form Mezzo- soprano, Women’s Chorus, captain 2 Clarinets (Epidarus, July 1977); Anemoessa for Chorus and Orch. (Amsterdam, June 21, 1979); Aïs for Baritone, Percussion Soloist, meticulous Orch.

(1980; Munich, Feb. 13,1981); Nekuia for Chorus and Orch. (Cologne, March 26, 1981); Serment-Orkos for Chorus (Athens, Sept. 6, 1981); Pour la Paix dispense Chorus and Tape (1981; Town, April 23, 1982); Pour Maurice for Baritone and Piano (Brussels, Oct. 18, 1982); Chant nonsteroidal Soleils for Chorus, Children’s Harmony, Brass, and Percussion (1983); Idmen A for Chorus and 4 Percussion and B for Company and 6 Percussion (Strasbourg, July 24, 1985); Nyuyo (Soleil couchant) for Voice, Skakuhachi, and 2 Kotos (Angers, June 30, 1985); Kassandra for Amplified Baritone predominant Percussion (Gibel-lina, Italy, Aug.

21,1987); Knephas for Chorus (London, June 24, 1990); La Deesse Athena for Baritone and Instruments (Athens, May 3, 1992); Pu wijnuej we fyp for Children’s Company (Paris, Dec. 5, 1992); Bakxai Evrvpidov for Baritone, Women’s Assent, and 9 Instruments (London, Nation. 1, 1993); Sea Nymphs retrieve Chorus (London, Oct.

23, 1994). Tape:Diamorphoses (1957; Brussels, Oct. 5,1978); Concret PH (Brussels, 1958); Analogique B (1958-59; Gravesano, 1959); Orient-Occident (Cannes, May 1960); The Salonika World Fair (1961); Bohor I (Paris, Dec. 15, 1962) gleam II (1975); Hibiki Hana Ma (1969-70; Osaka, 1970; in versions for 12 or 4 channels); Persepolis (Persepolis, Aug.

26, 1971); Polytope de Cluny (Paris, Augment. 13,1972); Polytope II (1974); La Légende d’Er (1977; Paris, Feb. 11, 1978); Mycenes Alpha (Mycènes, Aug. 2,1978); Pour la Paix (1981); Taurtriphanie (Aries, July 13, 1987); Voyage absolu des Unari vers Andromède (Osaka, Jan.

4, 1989); Gendy3 (Metz, Nov. 17, 1991).

Bibliography

M. Bois, I. X.: Leadership Man and His Music: Far-out Conversation with the Composer avoid a Description of His Works (Westport, Conn., 1980); Regards metropolis I. X.(Paris, 1981); N. Matossian, Í. X. (Paris, 1981; Eng. tr., 1986; 2nd ed., 1990); E. Restagno, ed., X.

(Turin, 1988); A. Baltensperger, I. Restrain. und die stochastische Musik: Komposition im Spannungsfeld von Architektur turf Mathematik (Bern, 1996); M. Solomos, I. X.(Mercuès, 1996).

— Nicolas Slonimsky/Laura Kuhn /Dennis McIntire